Factors affecting the transmission distance of wireless modules

When we buy a wireless module, in addition to the quality of the product, the most concerning thing is the transmission distance of the wireless module. However, we often test the distance by ourselves after purchasing the product, and there is always no manufacturer's test. If the distance is long, some people will feel that the manufacturer is pitted in their hearts. It is not the case. Generally, the manufacturer’s test is usually conducted in an open field. The open field has little effect on the transmission of the wireless module, so the tested distance is generally far away, and the environment we tested has many factors interference, so when we test, the transmission distance is shortened. 

Factors affecting the transmission distance of wireless modules:

1. Architecture

In the environment we tested, there must be a lot of buildings. The reinforced concrete in the buildings has a certain signal barrier, so the signal sent by our wireless module passes through the walls of each layer, and the signal will continue. The weakening of the wireless module, so the transmission distance of the wireless module will continue to shorten.

2. Metal

Metal has a shielding effect on the signal sent by the wireless module (for example, in elevators, all wireless transmission equipment loses or weakens the signal). If there is a lot of metal in the test environment, it will cause the transmission of the wireless module. Great influence.

3. Weather

In bad weather, the transmission distance of the wireless module will be greatly reduced (we see on TV that it is true that wireless transmission is not possible due to bad weather)

4. Transmit power of wireless module

During our test, if we find that the test distance is shortened, we might as well increase the transmission power. The greater the transmission power, the longer the transmission distance, but it is also susceptible to interference, so we should consider it based on our actual site.

5. Receiving sensitivity of wireless module

The higher the sensitivity, the longer the receiving distance.

6. Antenna

The antenna plays an important role in the transmission distance of the wireless module. The antenna gain has always been a rigid indicator of the antenna. The larger the antenna gain, the larger the signal coverage and the longer the transmission distance. Many people think that the higher the antenna gain, the better. However, the conditions of each wireless module product are inconsistent according to the use scene and the conditions of the product itself.