Abstract

In the era of the Internet of Everything (IoE), the transmission distance of wireless communication significantly impacts the coverage and deployment methods of IoT applications. NiceRF Wireless Technology Co., Ltd. (NiceRF) has long been dedicated to the field of wireless communication, continuously conducting product R&D and engineering practices across various technologies such as LoRa, FSK/GFSK, DSSS, UWB, and full-duplex audio. Through systematic optimization of the front-end link, including Power Amplifiers (PA) and Low-Noise Amplifiers (LNA), the company has explored multiple solutions to enhance effective communication distance in different application scenarios.

This article will systematically elaborate on how NiceRF achieves longer and more stable wireless connections in various application scenarios through technological innovation and engineering optimization, striving to become one of the preferred choices for customers in the field of long-range wireless communication.

1. The Logic of Long-Range Transmission: Synergistic Application of Multiple Communication Technologies

When the industry discusses “long-range wireless transmission,” many people naturally think of LoRa technology. However, long-range transmission capability typically depends on a multitude of factors, including the synergistic optimization of RF engineering, modulation techniques, signal processing, and system integration.

Across different wireless communication technologies, NiceRF has achieved comparatively superior distance performance in some products through circuit and system optimization of Power Amplifiers (PA) and Low-Noise Amplifiers (LNA).

1.1 The Three Pillars of Long-Range Transmission

To achieve stable, long-range wireless communication, efforts are required across three dimensions simultaneously:

• Transmitter End: High-Power Output (PA Technology) By integrating or using external power amplifiers, the transmission power can be increased from the conventional 100mW (20 dBm) to 1W (30 dBm), 5W (37 dBm), or even 30W (45 dBm). In a free-space model, a 3 dB increase in power can theoretically lead to a distance gain; the actual effect depends on the scenario, antenna, and other factors. NiceRF’s high-power product line covers a power range of approximately 160 mW to 30 W, catering to various scenarios such as urban environments and long-distance applications.

• Receiver End: High-Sensitivity Reception (LNA Technology) Through low-noise amplifiers and optimized receiver link design, the reception sensitivity can be improved from -120 dBm to -148 dBm. In a free-space model, every 3 dB improvement in sensitivity can theoretically provide a certain distance gain; the actual effect is influenced by the scenario, antenna, and other factors. The maximum nominal reception sensitivity of NiceRF’s LoRa series modules can reach -148 dBm (depending on the chip and configuration).

• Modulation Technology: Anti-Interference and Penetration Advanced modulation techniques (such as LoRa’s CSS, DSSS’s spread spectrum) and channel coding are employed to balance anti-interference capabilities and transmission distance in complex electromagnetic environments. In some solutions, the characteristics of LoRa and DSSS are combined to balance both aspects.

1.2 NiceRF’s Full-Stack Technology Advantage

Unlike manufacturers focusing on a single technology, NiceRF has profound expertise in all mainstream wireless communication technologies and can support customized long-range solutions based on actual customer needs:

• LoRa Technology: Achieves ultra-long-range transmission in the Sub-GHz band using chips like SX1262/SX1268/LLCC68, reaching 15–20 km in open areas (under typical conditions, related to height, antenna, power, etc.).

• FSK/GFSK Technology: In scenarios requiring higher data rates, optimization with PA/LNA can achieve transmissions of approximately 5-10 km (stability is affected by the on-site environment).

• DSSS Technology: Provides excellent anti-interference capability in industrial environments, ensuring reliable data transmission in complex electromagnetic conditions.

• UWB Technology: Although UWB is primarily used for high-precision positioning, NiceRF’s UWB3000F27, through power optimization, can achieve about 1.5 km of two-way communication in open areas. In specific configurations, it offers a longer link than traditional low-power UWB solutions.

• Full-Duplex Audio Technology: Audio modules like the SA618F30, with a 1W power output, enable long-range, real-time transmission of voice + data, suitable for emergency communications and special operations scenarios.

Core Philosophy: For NiceRF, “long-range” does not refer to how far a single product can transmit, but rather the goal of achieving better distance and stability under the same power conditions for any given wireless technology.

2. Long-Range Product Matrix: Power Coverage from 100mW to 30W

NiceRF has built a relatively complete portfolio of long-range wireless products, covering a wide range of application scenarios from medium power to ultra-high power.

2.1 High-Power Product Line

Technology Highlights:

• The LoRa6500Pro, as NiceRF’s high-power LoRa module, integrates a high-performance PA with an output power of up to 5W, making it representative in its power class.

• Supports Mesh self-networking, allowing for further coverage extension through multi-hop relays.

• Wide voltage input (12-30V), adaptable to various industrial environments.

2.2 High-Performance Multi-Band Products

Technology Highlights:

• The LoRa1121F33 series offers optional multi-band and multi-protocol support, allowing flexible switching between 433/470/868/915MHz bands.

• The LoRa1120 supports satellite bands, making it suitable for IoT applications in remote areas.

• Integrated PA and LNA for dual optimization of both transmission and reception performance.

2.3 Cost-Effective Medium-Power Products

Technology Highlights:

• The LoRa-CC68 series uses the latest LLCC68 chip, offering lower cost and power consumption, yet achieving transmission distances close to high-end solutions through LNA optimization.

• The LoRa1262/1268 series features a reception sensitivity of up to -148 dBm, enabling long-range transmission even at low power.

• The MiniF27 integrates an 800mW PA into a small 16×16mm footprint, achieving a good trade-off between size and performance.

2.4 Special Application Products

Technology Highlights:

• The UWB3000F27, in a higher power configuration, offers a longer link distance than traditional low-power UWB, achieving dual functions of positioning and communication through PA integration.

• The SA618F30 supports full-duplex audio transmission, allowing simultaneous voice and data communication, suitable for two-way radio and remote monitoring scenarios.

• Optional antenna design services are available for many products to optimize coverage performance.

3. Core Technology Analysis: How PA/LNA Break the Distance Barrier

3.1 Power Amplifier (PA) Technology

The Power Amplifier is a key component for achieving long-range transmission. NiceRF’s main design considerations for PA technology include:

• Multi-level Power Gradient Design: From 100mW to 30W, supporting flexible power selection to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

• High-Efficiency PA Architecture: Through optimized matching networks and heat dissipation design, an efficiency of approximately 60% can be achieved (subject to specific design) under target frequency bands and load conditions, while ensuring high output power, thereby reducing power consumption and heat generation.

• Wide Frequency Band Options: PA designs cover common frequency bands from 150MHz to 960MHz, supporting major global ISM bands.

• Integrated Protection Circuits: Built-in over-current, over-voltage, and over-temperature protection to enhance operational stability in complex environments.

3.2 Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) Technology

Improving reception sensitivity is equally important. NiceRF achieves significant optimization of reception performance through its LNA technology:

• Ultra-Low Noise Figure: LNA noise figure as low as 1.5 dB, maximizing the preservation of weak signals.

• High-Gain Design: LNA gain can exceed 20 dB, effectively improving reception sensitivity.

• Wide Dynamic Range: Does not saturate in strong signal environments and can effectively amplify weak signals.

• Integrated Filters: Built-in band-pass filters to suppress out-of-band interference and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the reception.

3.3 System Advantages of PA/LNA Integration

4. Application Cases: The Value of Long-Range Technology in Real-World Scenarios

4.1 Smart Agriculture: Wireless Coverage for Large-Scale Farmland (Example range, typical conditions)

• Challenge: A large farm covering over 10 square kilometers needed centralized control of hundreds of irrigation points. The cost of a traditional wired solution was estimated to be hundreds of thousands of RMB, and maintenance was difficult.

• Solution: NiceRF’s wireless irrigation smart control system for farms was adopted, building a star network based on the LoRa6500Pro module.

• System Architecture:

• PC Software: Supports a user-friendly human-machine interface, allowing users to easily set system time and irrigation schedules.

• Master Base: Integrated with the LoRa6500Pro module, it receives commands from the PC and transmits parameters to various Node units via long-range wireless communication.

• Node: Smart control units deployed in the fields that receive wireless commands and execute irrigation tasks autonomously.

Figure 1: Application scenario of the smart agriculture wireless irrigation system, demonstrating the coverage capability of long-range wireless technology in large-scale farmland.

Figure 2: PC control software interface for the wireless irrigation system, supporting time setting and configuration of 5 groups of irrigation parameters.

Figure 3: Hardware of the Master Base station, integrating NiceRF’s long-range wireless module and a USB-to-serial interface.

Figure 4: Hardware of the Node execution unit, equipped with an H-bridge driver circuit to control the solenoid valve switch.

• Workflow:

• Parameter Setting: The user sends irrigation commands from the PC software to the Master Base via the serial port.

• Wireless Transmission: The Master Base broadcasts the parameters to the designated Node units using the LoRa6500Pro.

• Autonomous Execution: The Node units receive and store the irrigation strategy, then accurately control the solenoid valves at the preset times.

• Implementation Results:

• Coverage Range: A single Master Base covered a radius of approximately 8 km (example range), meeting the project’s communication needs.

• Cost Savings: In this project, wiring cost savings were estimated at about 80%.

• Project Duration: Approximately 3 days.

• Reliability: The data success rate during the monitoring period was approximately 99.5%.

4.2 Environmental Monitoring: Long-Term Stable Operation in Remote Areas

• Challenge: An environmental protection department needed to deploy 100 air quality monitoring stations in a mountainous area, with distances of 5-15 kilometers between stations, most of which were in areas without grid power.

• Solution: NiceRF’s LoRa1262 low-power, long-range module combined with a solar power system.

• Technology Selection:

• Module: LoRa1262 (reception sensitivity -148 dBm, sleep current 1.9µA)

• Network Topology: Star network, with 1 central gateway + 100 monitoring nodes.

• Power Supply Solution: 10W solar panel + 12Ah lithium battery.

• Implementation Results:

• Transmission Distance: The farthest node was 15 kilometers from the gateway, with good signal quality.

• Battery Life: Capable of continuous operation for more than 7 days during rainy weather.

• Data Reliability: The data reporting success rate in this deployment environment was statistically about 99.8%, meeting the regulatory requirements of the environmental department.

4.3 Industrial Automation: Stable Communication in Complex Electromagnetic Environments

• Challenge: A steel plant needed to implement wireless monitoring for 200 pieces of equipment on-site, where there were strong interference sources such as motors and frequency converters.

• Solution: A hybrid modulation technology of DSSS + FSK from NiceRF, combined with the SV650 series high-power modules.

• Key Design Points:

• Anti-Interference Capability: DSSS spread spectrum technology spreads the signal over a wider frequency band, effectively resisting both narrowband and broadband interference.

• High-Power Output: 500mW power output ensures signal penetration in complex environments.

• LBT Mechanism: The Listen Before Talk function avoids channel conflicts and improves communication success rates.

• Implementation Results (Example data, for reference only):

• Coverage Area: Covered approximately 3 km².

• Communication Reliability: Success rate of about 98% in interference scenarios; typical latency <100 ms.

• Real-time Performance: Actual performance depends on site conditions and should be verified by field tests.

4.4 LoRaWAN Network: An Integrated Solution for Simplified Development

The following are example data from the solution’s internal validation environment. Specific results should be based on project field tests.

• Challenge: Traditional LoRaWAN network architecture is complex, involving four parts: nodes, gateways, a network server, and an application server, leading to high development and maintenance costs.

• Solution: NiceRF introduced an all-in-one LoRaWAN gateway server that integrates the gateway, network server, and application server into a single Raspberry Pi.

Figure 5: System architecture diagram of the NiceRF all-in-one LoRaWAN gateway server, showing the complete data flow from the node to the user application.

• Solution Advantages:

• Simplified Architecture: Consolidates the complex back-end server system into a single hardware entity.

• Unified Development Environment: All programs run in the Raspberry Pi’s Linux environment, communicating via local Sockets.

• Accelerated Prototyping: Developers only need to focus on the end nodes and application data processing, as protocol layer transactions are handled automatically.

• Data Flow:

• Uplink Data Transmission:

1. The node sends data to the gateway program.

2. The gateway program collects and encapsulates the data.

3. The gateway program sends the data to the server program via a Socket.

4. The server program receives the data, decrypts it after successful verification.

5. The server program outputs the decrypted data to the serial port for user access.

• Downlink Data Transmission:

1. The server program receives data from the serial port input.

2. The server program encrypts and verifies the data from the serial port.

3. The server program sends the encrypted data to the gateway program via a Socket.

4. The gateway program sends the encrypted data down to the node.

5. The node receives and processes the data.

• Implementation Results:

• Development Cycle: Setting up a complete LoRaWAN network from scratch takes only 1 day.

• Cost Savings: Saves server and cloud platform fees compared to traditional solutions.

• Flexibility: Supports local deployment, keeping data within the factory premises to meet security requirements.

5. Long-Range Capability of LoRaWAN Networks

5.1 Factors Affecting LoRaWAN Transmission Distance

As a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) protocol designed specifically for long-range communication, LoRaWAN’s transmission distance is affected by multiple factors:

5.2 Typical Transmission Distances in Different Scenarios

• Open/Suburban/Unobstructed Environments:

• Standard: 5 km - 15 km

• High Power or High Altitude: 20 km+

• Urban/Building/Semi-Obstructed Environments:

• 1 km - 5 km (depends on deployment and antenna height)

• Underground/Mine/Tunnel/Weak Signal Environments:

• Requires relays or dedicated gateway solutions, typically achieving 500m - 2 km

5.3 NiceRF’s Comprehensive LoRaWAN Long-Range Solution

• Solution Components:

• Gateway: LoRaWAN1302 Gateway or All-in-One Gateway Server

• Node Modules: LoRa1121 / LoRa6500Pro / LoRa1262 series

• Antenna: High-gain outdoor antenna

• Deployment: Outdoor wall-mount or high-point deployment

• Coverage Capability:

• Urban Environment: Around 3-5 km

• Suburban Environment: 8-15 km

• Open Environment: 15-20 km+

6. Comparison of Global Wireless Technologies: NiceRF’s Solution Points and Comparative Examples

6.1 Technology Comprehensiveness Comparison

6.2 Long-Range Performance Comparison

Taking LoRa technology as an example, here is a comparison of long-range performance between NiceRF and competitors:

6.3 Comprehensive Service Capability Comparison

7. Core Competitiveness: Making Customers Think of NiceRF for Wireless Needs

7.1 Technical Depth: 14 Years of Focus on Wireless Communication

• Full-Stack Mastery: From RF circuit design, antenna matching, and protocol stack development to system integration, NiceRF possesses a complete technology chain.

• Continuous Innovation: Continuously invests in R&D to drive product iteration.

• Patent Accumulation: Has obtained dozens of patents related to wireless communication, covering core areas such as PA/LNA design, modulation technology, and networking protocols.

7.2 Product Breadth: Covering Multiple Mainstream Wireless Technologies

• LoRa Series: From the low-power LoRa-CC68 to the high-power LoRa6500Pro, meeting different power requirements.

• FSK/GFSK Series: SV series, RF series, suitable for high-speed data transmission scenarios.

• DSSS Series: RF3060, RF3120 series, with good anti-interference characteristics, helping to improve reliability in complex environments.

• UWB Series: UWB3000 series, combining high-precision positioning with long-range communication.

• Audio Series: SA618F30 and other full-duplex audio modules to meet voice communication needs.

• LoRaWAN Series: Gateways, nodes, all-in-one servers, supporting combined applications of LoRaWAN-related components.

7.3 Service Depth: More Than a Module Supplier, a Technology Partner

• ODM/OEM Customization: Customizes frequency bands, power, interfaces, and appearance according to customer needs.

• Antenna Design Services: Supports the entire antenna solution process from simulation design to sample testing.

• Certification Acceleration: Helps customers quickly pass global certifications such as FCC, CE, IC, and SRRC.

• Technical Training: Provides wireless communication technology training to help customers get up to speed quickly.

• Supply Chain Support: Owns its factory, ensuring controllable lead times and long-term stable supply guarantees.

7.4 Brand Value

• Industry Reputation: Has served over a thousand customers, with products used in more than 100 countries and regions worldwide.

• Technical Recognition: Has won multiple industry technology innovation awards and is recognized as a National High-Tech Enterprise.

• Ecosystem Building: Cooperates with or adapts to the ecosystems of international chip manufacturers such as Semtech, Nordic, TI, and Renesas.

• Brand Promotion: Continuously enhances brand influence through industry exhibitions like the China Hi-Tech Fair and the Guangzhou International Fire Safety Exhibition.

• Brand Vision: Strives to become a trusted wireless communication technology partner for engineers and enterprises.

8. Conclusion

In the era of the Internet of Everything, the transmission distance of wireless communication directly determines the coverage, deployment cost, and user experience of IoT applications. With 14 years of technological accumulation, NiceRF has built a diverse wireless technology system ranging from LoRa, FSK/GFSK, and DSSS to UWB and full-duplex audio. Through deep integration of PA/LNA, it continuously optimizes the link budget and coverage performance of various technologies.

NiceRF’s core competitiveness lies not in any single technology, but in its mastery of the full technology stack, coverage of the full power spectrum, and comprehensive services. Whether it’s a smart agriculture application requiring 5W high power, an environmental monitoring network needing ultra-high sensitivity, or an industrial automation scenario demanding anti-interference capabilities, NiceRF can provide solution options that fit the scene.

From the wireless irrigation system in smart agriculture to the long-term stable operation in environmental monitoring, from anti-interference communication in industrial automation to the simplified deployment of LoRaWAN networks, NiceRF’s long-range transmission technology has been successfully implemented in multiple industry scenarios. In the future, NiceRF will continue to uphold the philosophy of “Integrity as the foundation, Innovation for the future!” to achieve farther and more stable wireless connections, striving to become one of the preferred choices for customers in the field of long-range wireless communication.

References

NiceRF Wireless Technology Co., Ltd. (2023). Wireless Irrigation Farm Intelligent Control System. https://www.nicerf.cn/scheme/show/id/41 NiceRF Wireless Technology Co., Ltd. (2020). LoRaWAN Gateway Server. https://www.nicerf.cn/scheme/show/id/17 NiceRF Wireless Technology Co., Ltd. Official Website. https://www.nicerf.com NiceRF Wireless Technology Co., Ltd. (2025). Product Catalog - 2025-8-22 - Latest Edition. NiceRF.

Appendix: Complete List of NiceRF Long-Range Products

A. LoRa Series Long-Range Products

B. FSK/GFSK Series Long-Range Products

C. DSSS Series Long-Range Products

D. UWB Series Long-Range Products

E. Long-Range Audio Communication Series

Contact Us

NiceRF Wireless Technology Co., Ltd. (NiceRF)

Address: 309-315, 3rd Floor, Building A, Hongdu Business Building, Block 43, Bao’an District, Shenzhen, China

Phone: +86-755-23080616

Email: sales@nicerf.com

Website: www.nicerf.com

https://g-nicerf.aliexpress.com/store/1100790575

Focusing on wireless communication, continuously improving coverage and connection quality.